Moving Towards Sustainable Watershed Systems: Beyond the Guidebook 2015 introduced Daniel Pauly’s “Shifting Baseline Syndrome” to demonstrate how communities can turn the clock back to replicate desired conditions
Note to Reader:
Released in November 2015, ‘Beyond the Guidebook 2015’ is about inter-regional collaboration that is guided by this mantra: “Through sharing and learning, ensure that where we are going is indeed the right way”.
To download a copy of Beyond the Guidebook 2015, click on this link: https://waterbucket.ca/viw/files/2015/11/Beyond-Guidebook-2015_final_Nov.pdf
Towards a Watershed Health Legacy in the Georgia Basin
‘Beyond the Guidebook 2015’ is the third in a series that builds on Stormwater Planning: A Guidebook for British Columbia. Structured in four parts, ‘Beyond the Guidebook 2015’ is a progress report on how local governments on the east coast of Vancouver Island and in the Lower Mainland are ‘learning by doing’ to implement affordable and effective science-based practices to achieve:
- Watershed Health: Protect and/or restore hydrologic integrity
- Resilient Rainwater Management: Mimic the natural water balance
- Sustainable Service Delivery: Integrate natural systems thinking and adaptation to a changing climate into asset management
‘Beyond the Guidebook 2015’ introduced Dr. Daniel Pauly’s Shifting Baseline Syndrome to explain why communities unwittingly accept incremental and cumulative environmental degradation. It then adapts this thinking to focus on how communities can turn the clock back to replicate desired conditions. This outcome would be achievable through an approach branded as Sustainable Watershed Systems, through Asset Management.
The Shifting Baseline Syndrome
About Daniel Pauly
Daniel Pauly, French-born marine biologist and professor at the University of British Columbia, is well-known for his work in studying impacts on global fisheries. In 1995, he coined the phrase SHIFTING BASELINE SYNDROME to describe his observation that:
“Each generation of fisheries scientists accepts as a baseline that the stock size and species composition that occurred at the beginning of their careers, and uses this to evaluate changes…The result obviously is a gradual shift of the baseline…and inappropriate reference points.”
The concept of “Shifting Baselines” has relevance in helping to understand why drivers for “Resilient Rainwater Management” differ across Canada’s diverse landscapes.
To Learn More:
A backgrounder has been prepared to help inform knowledge-sharing. To download a PDF copy, click on Creating the Future in British Columbia: Recognize and Address the “Shifting Baseline”.
The Shifting Baseline Syndrome is Relevant to All Aspects of Change
Dr. Daniel Pauly developed the concept of the Shifting Baseline Syndrome to describe why each new generation lacks direct knowledge of the historical condition of the environment, and how this lack of understanding plays out as a ‘failure to notice change’.
The figure above is an adaptation of the image created by Daniel Pauly to illustrate the Shifting Baseline concept. Over time, and without a ‘teachable moment’ to raise awareness of a change, the net effect of a community’s failure to notice change is an incremental and typically imperceptible eroding of standards and expectations.
Awareness of shifting baselines in BC has been reflected in a number of landmark processes, including the Agricultural Land Reserve Act (1972), Fish Protection Act (1997) and Water Sustainability Act (2014).
A Short History
Dr. Pauly developed the concept in reference to fisheries management in a one-page paper titled Anecdotes and the shifting baseline syndrome of fisheries, published in 1995.
“It’s one of my most cited papers, though it’s a very short piece. It’s like a thinking piece; it has no numbers, no equations,” stated Daniel Pauly in a 2010 TED Talk. “We transform the world, but we don’t remember it. We adjust our baseline to the new level, and we don’t recall what was there.”
Mission Possible
Communities can shift the ecological baseline upwards; they can replicate a desired watershed condition. This requires commitment and time.
Through a ‘regional team approach’ that cuts across boundaries, disciplines and sectors….. local governments and partners can implement watershed-based solutions that create a legacy.
Do Business Differently
In 2014, two landmark developments provided local governments with a fresh impetus to reconcile the Shifting Baseline Syndrome and do business differently:
- BC’s new Water Sustainability Act, passed in May 2014; and
- Asset Management for Sustainable Service Delivery: A BC Framework, released in December 2014.
Accepted ‘standards of practice’ – especially those for engineering, planning and finance – influence the form and function of the Built Environment. The goal of shifting to an ecologically functioning and resilient baseline and creating a watershed legacy will ultimately depend on the nature of change to standards of practice and changing to nature.
